Showing posts with label pyramids. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pyramids. Show all posts

Friday, 15 May 2020

1990 Egypt IV: Alexandria, Wadi El Natrun, Suez

6.3.90 Alexandria

Up to look at the grey-green sea from my balcony.  Too early for breakfast: so I start on "Balthazar" – the perfect way to begin an Alexandrian day…  Breakfast is served in a small room off the main dining room, the same white, the same classical frieze, the high-backed chairs with their woven patterns.

A walk along the corniche west out to the fort, beside which I sit – gleaming white stone.  It is sunny, with a soft blue sky, fringed by a few clouds – typical: I have put on my trusty vest, a t-shirt, checked shift, New Zealand pullover and jacket, and so now I am too hot… Lovely stiff breeze off the see: smells so clean – I must learn to sail this year… On the way here the concrete squares of the pavement show clearly where the sea habitually leaps the barrier: the gravel shows through as the binding is eaten away…  An image from yesterday: as we pull out of Ramses Station, a man urinating against a wall.  It reminds me of Canaletto's boy peeing against the Rialto bridge.  It is good to smell and hear the sea again: my island roots betray themselves.  

Along the corniche, the houses fronting the sea look very French, very Côte d'Azur, very (but how do I know?) Beirut before it became urban hell.  Into the fort – a wonderful decrepit naval museum.  Best thing is the sound of the wind whistling through the halls – just as it did in the Pharos… To Pastroudi's – an upmarket version of Groppi's.  For some reason I sit outside under the awnings – even though it is thundering, with sporadic rain.  Also, I am deafened by the bleedin' car horns passing.

Alexander does feel different.  I keep wanting to speak Greek – I've seen one taverna elleniko already – along with a wonderful sign – for a doctor, presumably - offering "skin, VD and sex"…  Sounds very Durrell.  The which I shall read, appropriately enough.  The sun has come out – and fortuitously I catch it between the awnings.  Yellow and black, and orange and black taxis go by like huge wasps and bees, but for me their sting is in their horn.  You can tell this is a commercial city by the ratio of cabs to private cars [damn these horns – they are like bloody children: one one starts, they all join in.  I preferred it in Ligeti's opera.]

At least Durrell has told me what the ubiquitous clover-like fodder is called – confirmed by the encyclopedic Blue Guide.  "Birsim/bercim" – aptly enough, Trifolium alexandrinum. I forgot to mention the huge conical piles of fruit near my hotel: two feet high of blood-red strawberries, oranges, impossible vertiginous shapes.

I have just eaten at Al Ekhlaas – very upmarket, very nice fish – excellent tehina and baba ghanoush.  The room done out in Moorish style: perforated brass chandeliers, with extraordinary glass lamps – looking like enormous blue condoms, teat and all.  Place practically deserted, even though it is 2pm – Alexandrians eat late.  Interesting weather: sun, rain, clouds, wind – but the dust is my enemy, and reduces me to tears of blindness.

In a way, Alexandria is the New York of Egypt: a frenetic, cosmopolitan melting pot.  There is a style of schmaltzy music that belongs to the 60s and the Pink Panther/Euro chic ambience, long lost.  It was an era when playboys and their belles were 30-45 years old, and Europe was the height of chic.  Could it come again?  As the baby boomers age to 30-45, so Europe could again be fashionable – the spas, the old capitals of Eastern Europe.  Perhaps the music will return too.  Even I find an insidious charm in its sheer naiveté.

Dropped off by the taxi at Pompey's Pillar, I walk to Kom el Shoqafa – through very dodgy streets – they remind me of the backstreets of Palermo.  Real poverty.  Sheep tethered in the streets – general feel like Kathmandu.  Now I sit in the banqueting hall of the catacombs – c-razy.  Celebrating the dead with a meal.  Name means "Mound of Shards", from the potsherds left over from the banquets.  

In the Caracalla Hall: the young men said to be killed in revenge for an insult offered by them to the emperor in 215 AD.  Lovely friable sandstone, with strata at 45 degrees.  Easy to get lost… The stacked burial chambers like a huge honeycomb.  To the side of the main chapel – long gallery of honeycombs – with planks across the water like Venice in flood: does Peter Greenaway know about this place…?  Very precarious walking along these long planks – they bend so… it is like walking over the Styx.  The silence is heavy, thick, claustrophobic.  This mania for burial everywhere in Egypt, of hiding the dead.  Walking stooped, the planks thudding as they rise and fall on the stones supporting them.

The main tomb quite crude – Greek and Egyptian elements, from behind, an eerie cool breeze.  Crude Hathors, Horus – like maskers dressed up for a ball.  Thoth looking like a toucan…  And dressed in Roman soldier's garb.  Turning around, yes, there are the ridiculous figures: Sabek and Anubis, holding spears, dressed as Roman soldiers, looking across the entrance to each other like some erstwhile Morecambe and Wise double-act.

Outside here, two other ghoulish statues, one a woman, one a curly-headed man with a furrowed brow and a Messerschmidt-like stare… I am quite alone here, the only sound the scratching of my failing pen across the paper as I awkwardly write standing up…

Back to Pompey's Pillar – large, and largely pointless.  A couple of sphinxes, a few bits of rubble: it sums up Alexandria's attitude really… Real souk near here – lots of sunshades – just like Canaletto's Venice.  As I learn a little more Arabic – a word here, a word there – I become conscious of the expansion of my empire.  But language is an ambivalent tool: it is that of obedience as well as command.

Out for a walk in the dusk.  Fine evening – but for the wind, easterly now, and its attendant dust.  Lots of anglers along the coast – I always worry about the fly-back of their hooks in such circumstances.  I walk east, turn, then back past the Cecil.  Eastwards there are numerous forlorn-looking restaurants; westwards, forlorn-looking hotels; perhaps it all bucks up in summer.  Now it has that pleasantly elegiac out-of-season feeling.  For no reason, I think of America, and its lack of comprehension of this kind of charming seediness.

Past the war memorial, inland towards Tahrir Square.  I have no map, but follow my feet and nose.  I pass along bustling streets, wares brightly lit as ever.  Some stalls a few pieces of sweetmeats, for a few piastres.  How do they survive?  And who are all these men in the cafés by day – what job do they do?

Ah, the muezzin again.  Back in the dining room.  Another full bottle of wine tonight – this time, a red: "Omar Khayyam".  Rather nice.  It seems appropriate to Alexandria and its hedonism.  Omar slightly watery – I have drunk five glasses so far

7.3.90 Alexandria

I am beginning to lose track of the days.  After breakfast, out along the corniche, west again to Al Silsileh.  The clouds of dawn had cleared, leaving a huge blue dome.  The fort looked attractive around the harbour.  I have booked a taxi – for which I wait in the Metropole – to go out to Wadi El Natrun: E£90.  Probably a rip-off, but it is hard to get worked up over £10 – the wrong attitude, I know.  

I feel like Proust with his driver – well, in some respects – touring Normandy.  Talking of Proust, it is interesting to compare him with Durrell since both are obsessed with love.  Where Proust takes a few key incidents and pores over them in infinite detail, building towards a coherent whole, Durrell seems content to pile on more details, more incidents, unworried by the contradictions or opacities.  This is the thing about Proust: his striving for clarity, even – and hence – in his long, snaking sentences.  They also differ from James's endlessly nested clauses, the product of a profoundly cautious man.  His costiveness is a beautiful emblem of his art.

Opposite me, at the Strand Cinema, a garish poster for "RoboForce".  Robocop, I presume.  Last night, I saw several women in full veils, with only slits for the eyes.  They looked like mummies or victims of terrible accidents.  It sent a chill through me to meet them like this, so unexpectedly, in Alexandria of all places.  Passing a shop last night, an image of a women with a tube of lipstick in her mouth, pointing outwards its great red bud.  Surely an image impossible in the Freudianised West?

A stunningly attractive woman passes the window; but her pullover has tassels – two over her nipples: she has obviously never watched "The Graduate".  She walks along with sublime innocence.  An albino youth – tight curly white hair, bright pink skin – enters the hotel and takes the lift, a being from another planet.  The receptionist in her little cubicle constantly repeats: "Hallo, aiwa, aiwa…"

We soon leave Alexandria behind, then cross Lake Mariout, surrounded by reeds and glistening water.  Looks like East Anglia, Snape.  Newspaper sellers in the middle of the road – but amidst roaring traffic.  (NL), (S) and even (B) – upside down – (CH) nationality stickers on cars.  Two wrecked cars in the middle of the road in the last ten minutes.  The sea to my right has a puce tinge – pollution presumably.  A dovecot like a huge clay pepper pot.  The main Alexandria-Cairo road. For the first time, I see traffic cops pulling someone in for speeding – the maximum for cars is 100 km/h.  In Asyut, there was the body of a man by the railway track.  Onlookers gawped.  Rather dull landscape, very flat, scrubby bushes, trees, odd village, a factory.  Greenery half-hearted.  Long, straight road.  Real desert now, distant hills to the west.  After 90 minutes and 100 kilometres.  Wadi El Natrun is dusty and barren.  Some of the water seems to show the salt.

To Anba Bishoy Monastery.  147 monks, 22 novices according to the monk who has been explaining things to me, dressed in black, with an embroidered head covering.  Alas, no Coptic manuscripts – he gently suggested there might be some in Britain…  Some painting by the door – 1977, done by bloke from Cairo.  Small, enclosed feel.  Twelfth-century keep, entered via drawbridge – the bleached and worn pulley still over the door.  [Apparently Coptic is still spoken in some parts of Upper Egypt – near Qena, the man said.]  The paintings had Greek characters, but it was Coptic.  Next to the keep, the steeple (modern) and done with curious quintuple crosses – joined at base to form a pyramid of them.  

Inside the main church, after removing shoes – to walk on rush mats or carpets.  A beautifully simple interior, unadorned plaster walls, barrel vaulting.  Wonderful old chandeliers, like something out of an old country house.  Arabic graffiti scratched on the walls.  Old wooden pulpit, worm-eaten.  A simple hanging beneath it.  To the main sanctuary with its iconostasis – the 12 apostles and others.  Crude light bulbs on the wooden cross above.  The body (covered) of Bishoy.  From behind, the separating curtain a strange sound: they are vacuum-cleaning the main sanctuary.  They offer visitors tea… No charge, but a donation…  

To the Syrian Monastery – shut from 12noon to 3pm – because stricter here.  Goats scrabbling around salty water – like Hunt's "The Scapegoat".  Turn off is near the new Sadat City, for Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great.  Long, straight road – looks like an army camp of citadel – big.  Closed until Easter.  I am sitting in the gatehouse, on beautiful blue chairs – with light-blue painted wooden arms – the rest house.  An aircraft roars noisily overhead.  Flies are everywhere.  Cloudy sky, air quite cool.  I eat the monks' bitter bread, and drink their tea (Ceylon) – a secular Eucharist.  Also I am given a phial of holy oil...but I notice that it is in a Bayer tube…

This reminds me of Lake Dal.

The monk would accept no money.  I've realised what the driving here reminds me of – with no signalling, overtaking left and right: go-kart racing, with similar tolerances for error.  

Back in Alexandria, I rush to the bookshop – only to find it closed.  And I notice that it is built over the position of the tomb of Alexander himself – the Soma.  I sit now in the Roman amphitheatre – small but reasonably perfectly-formed.  Reminds me of Epidaurus.  Egyptian – and Indian – cinema posters are in a time warp: their heroes are in their 40s, and the heroines are ladies of ample charms in their 30s – really 1960s stuff.  Pink Panther again.  The trouble with the sea here is that it just sort of happens: corniche then harbour.  No use is made of it as in English seaside towns.  Even the seats are placed between the road carriageways.  A glorious afternoon – sky nearly clear, the odd cloud galleon, air fresh.

Along to the Cecil for tea.  What a waste of space.  I sat there for 15 minutes – nothing; I left.  Interestingly, so did two other visitors – young ladies there for pretty much the same reason as me, I would hazard.  So to my trusty Metropole instead, watching from my window seat.  

In opening and closing the high windows and shutters on to my balcony, there is that characteristic bang of wood and glass, followed by the squeak as the rods turn and the fastening hook engages.

It is very strange: I find it hard to connect now, being here in Alexandria, with my time in Upper Egypt; it is as if the latter were a previous, unrelated trip.  And this is how I hoped it would fall out – the different Egypts subtly but hermetically separated.

It is an interesting experience reading Durrell here and in such concentration – I have just finished "Balthazar".  He becomes almost oppressive with Darley's constant whinings and whimperings about "Love" and "Truth"; but the fluency of the writing impresses.  It is a warning to me perhaps: against such archetypally "fine" writing, the striking image, the calculated metaphor. 

Do the bobbles of wool that come off a jumper have an official name?

Curious: there is an aerial lead lying dead on the floor of my room, its wire vanishing out through the door; what happened to the TVs – referred to by old von Haag?  Outside, a maid or attendant passes by in a splendid jingle of Keys (why the cap?  - "The Keys"…)  At the catacombs yesterday, some chappie asked me my profession: "writer" I said without thinking.  I wonder… Perhaps Alexandria - and Durrell – are affecting me in this.

To dinner.  I shall never be able to hear King Lear's "If she must teem, Create her child of spleen" without thinking of the local 7-up substitute "Teem" – and of Egypt.  Another effect of Durrell: I have been thinking about my friends a lot, and looking forward to seeing them.  Egypt has taught me one thing for sure: the indelible, terrifying stupidity of flies – they learn nothing – no matter how many times you flick them off, they return, indefatigable.

8.3.90 Alexandria

Even early in the morning, there are the horns.  Their timbres and chords vary enormously.  Some sound like samples: for example, I have heard the final chord of Prince's "The Cross", as well as the stabbing chord in Janet Jackson's "What have you done for me lately?"  Again, I woke with a very present sense of the books to write in the next couple of years.

It is noticeable that no two people ever eat a boiled egg in the same way.

A dull, overcast morning.  As the corniche sweeps round to the fortress it is swathed in a blurring mist.  Quite attractive really.  In the building opposite, hitherto apparently dead, a woman hangs out her smalls.  Last night, after dinner, I took a long stroll through the streets.  Half of Alexandria seemed to be out, taking their passeggiata.  It felt quite festive.  To the Museum of Antiquities today.  The contrasts in weather here have been useful too in sealing it off from the rest of my Egyptian experiences.  I feel that travelling is something you learn and improve at by practice: I feel Egypt is my first Dan…  It is amazing the number of buildings here that are based Venetian palazzi in style.

What a palaver.  I am losing my wonted composure.  Primo: changing money.  To the Bank of Alexandria, opposite the hotel – normally OK; but not this time: I must go to the main branch.  Which I do – like something out of the 1930s, clerks everywhere, ledgers ditto.  I must go upstairs.  First to one window, then to another.  Finally, for some reason best known to themselves, I must go to yet another branch.  Which I do.  To the ground floor, then upstairs.  Finally someone changes the bleedin' money.

Secondo: I go along to the bookshop.  It is closed, but two men turn up and begin unlocking it, smiling at me.  First they take off the restraining bar, then the padlock, then unbolt the door – perhaps the Soma is here.  Then one man enters, takes a package, and starts to lock up again.  I remonstrate.  They mutter some Arabic at me: "closed".  They are still smiling as the walk off.  Bastards.  No bleedin' book, obviously.  

Terzo: to the Graeco-Roman Museum, a classical facade painted a vague sort of Pompeiian colour.  The swines won't let me take my bag with me – I have to carry all my junk.  Swines twice over.  I am not in a good mood.

The museum itself is pleasant enough – at first glance, any way.  I feel immediately at home amidst these herms and torsos.  6: the Aris bull – very impressive.  Serapis – a factitious god, made to consolidate an empire.  7: usurped (ha!) figure by Ramses II – the Moses connection is interesting – on the sceptre the Princess Hut-ma-ra – supposedly she found Moses.  NB: for the Egyptians, the Israelites were just another minor tribe.  But the Old Testament -through Judaism, Christianity and Islam - has shaped the world.  8: a horrible Ptolemaic coffin, grinning like something out of Lewis Carroll, a Pharaonic Tweedle-dum.  Eerie plaster masks placed over Romans.  Roman soldier's mummy – thick swaddling – but the toes peek out as if from a plaster cast.  Very elaborate diamond criss-cross swaddling.

10: eerie X-ray of dwarf's mummy.  Mummy of a baby – with weird miniature adult mask.  12: some odd but striking heads: Ptolemy VI – noseless, with hollow, melancholy eyes, his crown like a jar of water balanced on his head…  Fine anonymous bearded head – the striations in the rock are picked up in the seep of the beard and in the leftward lines; he looks like a wanderer, out in the storm, enduring.  I would like to nick this… Strange crumbling statue – Egyptian posture - of Ptolemy I – a surprised old man.

16: strange, detached forearm with ball, rising up like the Lady of the Lake with Excalibur.  16A: figure of Berenice and daughter – looking like a Henry Moore seated figure, the limestone beautifully craggy.  17: glorious piece of porphyry, smouldering like a dull, red-hot coal.  It looks as if it is liquefying.  I would like also this.  Some of the exhibits here are wrapped in the typical plastic of restoration.  Reminds me of Venice for some reason.

18A: a huge concrete repaired rent in the wall looks like the map of Italy.  Lovely statuette  of actor with tragic mask – a big nose like Mr Punch.  Amazing collection of female heads show wide range of ancient hairstyles. Some look very 18th-century.  It would be interesting (slightly) to chart the recurring cycles of hairstyles through history.  20: God Bes – of "fun" – who became god of war – ho-hum.  Two flutes made of bone: re-construct them?  Memories of the Getty…  Treasure Room: a sad and hangdog figure, big nose and fat neck.  The coins displayed in vertically swivelling cases.  Lovely silver torso of Venus – very sensual, very callipygous…

5: clay sarcophagi like huge pairs of shoes.  Christian stuff - so crude.  A mummy with a black cross at the neck.  Obscene relief of Leda and the swan – it looks as if she has a giant goldfish between her legs.  Above, another one – with the swan pecking her nipple while she holds an egg…  The god Bes – looking like an alien. The garden is quite pleasant in a jumbled soft of way – reminds me of the scene in "Belly of an Architect".  And that is that.  

Bleedin' bookshop definitely closed.  Back to Pastroudi's – coffee and cakes – what the hell.  The sky clearing; hot.  The cakes are lethal; plastic cream unfortunately.  One, a rum baba kind of affair, was good; the chocolate cake far too sickly.  A man with a barrow-load of ice has passed, each pillar with a curious cross-section of diagonals.

There are noticeably more beggars here than elsewhere, especially cripples, just lying prone and helplessly.  Also a boy the other day, with no legs, scooting around on a cart.  Straight out of Breughel.  At the next table, a late middle-aged man, wearing characteristically dusty brown pinstripes; his right hand wears a black glove.  Pastroudi's is quite full out here now; Thursday, the day before the Muslims' Friday.

Just down from where I sit, a building split in two at ground level – one a shop named only in Arabic – and hence a mystery to me – the other three curtained-off windows.  Between, the sad remains of a pediment and ornate ironwork canopy.  The entrance is crudely bricked up, brown-black.  At the level of the pediment, to the left, the triglyphs remain; to the right, above the be-Arabicked awnings, concrete and grills.  Above both of these, stretching right across the whole facade, is a row of classical balustrades.  Once they fronted balconies.  Now they give onto a roof, doubtless piled with Egyptian debris, as I saw in Cairo.  Between the balustrades are truncated round Doric pillars with simple bases.  There are also four square pilasters, with more Corinthian capitals.  Behind ruined walls, their scratched and grey faces like excavated frescoes of an ancient Roman palace.

A car horn quotes from Walton's first symphony – the first movement.  I have been reading here at Pastroudi's for over an hour, watching the sky clear and cloud, reading about Mountolive.  What could be more civilised?  Did Byron ever visit Alexandria?  I feel he should have done.  I must re-read "Don Juan" – and get to know the letters.

Yesterday, from my windowed eyrie at the Metropole, I watched as a young man's gazed swivelled, spellbound, to follow the passage of a moderately-attractive young woman.  

The more I use von Haag's book, the more I like it.  I realise now that most guide books – even Lonely Planet – are too "objective" and impersonal.  What you want is a kind of hyper-Lorenzetti crammed a diary of travel.  You want the facts coupled with a personalisation of everything – a judgement that allow you to relate to the objects in a way that a "pure" comprehensive guidebook cannot.

Anyway, following von Haag, I sit in the Mustafa Darwish restaurant on the corniche. Not touristy – at least, not for Westerners – but they are where in Alexandria?  No English menu.  Also – the first time I've seen it – waitresses.  Quite smart inside, if slight gaudy.  Egyptian music just about winning against the traffic thundering by outside – and von Haag says sit outside, if nice…  Hilarious plastic gladioli on the table, sick yellow and candy-floss pink.  The head waitress has pantomimically heavy eye make-up – pink and blue, like war paint.

An amazing meal – god knows what it will do to my guts.  First, a real vegetable soup.  Then: tehinababa ghanoush, tomato and onion, potatoes, beetroot, olives and peppers for salads, fish – a kind of trout, grilled with curry, rice with kidneys, a thin meat pasty, and chips.  Sybaritic?  Me?  Tempted as I am by the fruit concoction, I shall be wise.  Fish brilliant; tehina addictive; rest good.  And so to coffee...and to "Mountolive".  Coffee nutty and not too sweet or aromatic.  Served in one of this little white cups and saucers – whose topology is odd in that the handle is blind, with no hole, but solid and filled in.

The other day I saw Stravinsky walking down the street, slowly, as frog-like as ever, dressed dapperly in a waistcoat and hat – not bad for his age – 100 odd?  Alexandria seems filled with such cosmopolitans, traders from Smyrna, Sevastopol, old sea captains from Piraeus.  Opposite me now is an old man, quite corpulent, smoking languorously, with a younger woman (50-ish), imperious in his orders to the waitress ("aiwa?" she answers quickly to his call).  Meanwhile, the same female singer swoops and keens her augmented seconds…

Durrell's book – especially in "Mountolive" – does emphasise the extraordinary position of the Copts in Egypt – the true heirs, the Welsh, those who remained true to their heritage; whereas the Arab-speaking Muslims are the English, the invaders, those who have compromised with the imperialists…

A long walk three-quarters of the way around the corniche to the fort.  I sit now just west of the mosque on the first seat by the sea – how poorly the Alexandrians use the sea front.  Why seats here?  True, the view is splendid: fort 90 degrees to my left, with the fleet of fishing boats in front.  From in front of me to the right, the coast of Alexandria – my hotel neatly at 135 degrees, and in the sun.  The sun lowers and catches the sterns – mostly green – of the boats.  Gulls circle overhead.  Just over the promenade walk (low), what looks like bleached ribs of an old boat.  Plus litter – everywhere.  Old car tyres lie at the sea's margin like mutant jellyfish.  The wind is getting up, pulling waves off the surface of the sea like tufts of hair.  The wind and its bad friend, dust: my enemies, the evil spirits that will drive me from Alexandria.  I must have the only pair of contact lenses in the city.

The naval fort like a fairy-tale castle, crenellated, glinting white.  Youth always takes to the new if only because there at least it is on equal terms with maturity.  The city front like superior corrugated cardboard.  Men standing in their boats as if to attention, waiting for the admiral's review.  

I must get a copy of "A Partial India" bound when I do "The Weekly Essay" – both as presents to myself.  The sky is clearing beautifully – the clouds being pulled back to the south like a curtain.  Another Balinese revelation: there I understood the International Dateline; now I see why the Mediterranean has no high or low tides – even though it is as big as an ocean.  Because it is closed.

A brisk walk back to the hotel, they sky tinged with orange.  6 o'clock strikes; I have just paid the bill of E£230 for four nights, including three dinners, and laundry.  Pretty good.  I now sit in my world-watching seat, hoping for a tea, about to plunge back into an older Alexandria.  

A curious experience.  One delight I have been looking forward to in re-reading "The Alexandria Quartet" was coming cross the word "nacreous" again – it was here that I first encountered it.  Being on page 496, and not finding it yet, I flipped back to the beginning, half-convinced it was there.  No luck.  So I continue with my reading.  Literally seven worlds later, there it is – ha!  Another car-horn tune: the Smiths' "The Queen is dead"

To the dining room for the last time – first there again.  Freesias on the table.  I smell them – the smell of childhood for some reason…  Most of us build empires – through marriage, family, friends, work, etc.  Perhaps writers and artists are the most megalomaniacal: they seek to colonise the hearts and minds of millions.  Writing style might be characterised as wet or dry.  Wet styles can be squeezed drier; dry styles fit words together like stones of the Great Pyramid: not even a knife could slip between them.  Durrell is very wet; guess which I would like to be?

Although many poets have painted, and vice versa, there have been very few painter-musicians.  Mendelssohn, Schönberg are the only two that spring to mind.

The bubbling smile and happiness of the Coptic monks…

The sight of big, butch men holding hands in the street like four-year-olds… 

9.3.90 Alexandria

As I come down to breakfast for the last time here, a wonderfully steaming smell of youth hostels.  I begin to tire of Durrell.  I don't really care any more about the perennially-deceitful Hosnani et al.  "The Alexandria Quartet" is perhaps too long, or needed to be read over years as it came out.

In the 7.50am train to Cairo, waiting… I thought I had a seat in the non-smoking car...it appears not.  Perhaps that is the quintessential smell of Egypt: cheap cigarettes.  Everybody smokes.  And while many other countries have many smokers, they seem to have other, masking odours.  Egypt is oddly odourless: no woodsmoke of India, no wet vegetation of Bali, no leather of Spain; just stale, choking cigarettes.

The Egyptians seem to smile quite readily – the women at least.  Smiling is a bit like letting people in front of you when driving: it tends to propagate.  Those to whom you do it seem more likely to do it to others.  I suppose it is a measure of my optimism in people that I believe that the world may one day go smile-critical.  

It is clear to me that I am not really interested at the moment in fiction, even in a novel: instead I simply want to re-work and preserve certain thoughts and experiences.  It is why I never (almost) lie: I lack the imagination.  "Mountolive" finished.  It is definitely the great set pieces – the fish hunt, the scene at the monastery, the mourning of Narouz – that excel.  The ruminations are over-fine – the writing too "wet" – though luxurious as you read it.  It is all too exotic: you get the feeling that Durrell needed Egypt, the Greek islands, for his ideas.  Of England he can say nothing.

On the outskirts of Cairo, we pass four huge industrial chimneys to the right.  Each has two vibrant white lights – for aircraft, I presume – flashing, but synchronously – a huge 4x2 grid blipping menacingly.  Hypnotic.

Well, what larks – and it's still only 3.30pm (I should be at the fête at the embassy, I know, but well…)  Back in Cairo, which feels reassuringly familiar.  Arguing with the taxis as ever – I get one, only to have him pile in two Germans.  I remonstrate at length, demand a price reduction, threaten to leave.  He gives in.  The Germans admire – was I there on business? they ask.  Strange, Cairo seems saner compared to Alexandria's traffic.  To the old Cosmo.  I march in, announce my reservation for two nights; they check: one night.  I look, and can see that they have changed visibly the two to one; bastards.  But no point arguing.  They say (as ever) that they'll "try" tomorrow – but I've had enough of that.

So, off round the hotels.  As it happens, I wanted to go to the Ramses Hilton to ask about "Fifi" – the which I felt right daft doing, furtive even.  Eventually it transpired that old "Fifi" – apparently the best belly in the business – is at the Marriott.  I also ask if the Ramses has a room for tomorrow – the hotel looks like a huge granary silo, but I was seduced by the name.  They had.  So I could always come here.  

To the Marriott – some way away on Zamalek island.  What was once a moorish palace, expanded into a huge maroon prison.  I go there; "Fifi" is indeed around.  I ask about rooms: no go.  Once again, I feel really daft asking for what sounds like a poodle. I need to find the restaurant to reserve a table.  I saunter along and notice a bookshop – I had already looked in the ones in Midan Talaat Harb for That Book; no luck.  I thought I might as well look here..  They have it – but E£30 more at E£95.  But I do not make the same mistake twice, and snap it up.  So some good comes from a bad situation.

But I still need a hotel.  Back to the Ramses Hilton to reserve.  But when I do, the buggers discover that they're full.  Pah.  To the Shepheard Hotel, along the river: full.  To the Semiramis next door: a room – they say -  but at $130, it's a bit different from the Cosmo's $30.  But I need it, and take it.  I look around: it is rather flash – swimming pool etc. - and quite a tolerable gym, open 7am to 9pm.  So, admittedly rather expensively, I shall be getting some unexpected exercise tomorrow.

If I can walk.  For back to today.  I had set my heart – certainly not my brain – on a gallop around the pyramids.  God knows why.  And indeed, as I drove out there, I felt an appalling sinking feeling, a foreboding.  Things were not made better when, having spotted the great shapes moving in and out of the blocks of flats, close-up I saw two people descend Khufu's: damn.

My driver – a great big thug of a bloke, but an amazingly calm and unflusterable driver – got a ticket for the car to go in too, and we went round to near the boat of Ra, where the horses gather.  We soon found some, good-looking animals, and agreed E£15-20 – to be decided later – for an hour's tour including gallops.  Oh poor fool…

Mounting the horse, my guide immediately zoomed off over rocks and sand and stones.  I kicked my beast, but to little effect.  Cries from behind got it going, and I knew I was in serious trouble.  Straight away my shoe slipped forward, and the stirrup caught behind the shoe's tongue – a lethal situation. Also, the horse was not responding to the usual aids.  Things were not helped by the necessity of me holding on to the loop around its neck.  Apparently, to get it going, you put the reins forward – giving it its head – while squeezing behind.  

My main problem was the sheer dangerousness of my whole stance.  As we thundered along, I could not use the reins properly since I was holding them in one hand.  So I left the horse to its own devices – and it promptly headed for the rocks and stones and god knows what.  I meanwhile was jerking all over the place, made worse by the horse's path.  I visualised very clearly falling off, with my foot irremediably caught in the stirrup, dragged along at a gallop over the stones.  All I could do was repeat to myself "I'm going to die, I'm going to die…" What little I saw of the landscape was magnificent: with the great sand dunes, the sand plains, and the unforgettable presence of the pyramids.  But these were not my main concern. 

I survived about 30 minutes of this, with three totally crazy gallops.  I was almost relieved when my guide started taking me towards his perfume-maker friend.  I was glad to be alive, and just wanted to get off the horse for a bit.  But I was faced with a dilemma: the last thing I wanted was perfume, but I could hardly cheese off the only thing between me and certain death… What to do?  

[A shower, then a long read of "Clea", which is winding the book down nicely.  I needed the rest: my head is thrumming still, my thighs are seizing up slowly.  Afterwards, a walk to the Nile – how magic that word is still – across the bridge, then back to the hotel, then to here.  Where?  Felfela's, of course, my penultimate night's treat…]

So, to the parfumier.  His warm-up man insists – "no refusal" – I have a drink; I am too exhausted to argue.  Hot tea seems safest.  Then through to the innermost sanctuary for a "demo".  Good patter, but I am not buying.  Fortunately, I am wise to the ways of salesmen: I just act stupid, refuse everything, give them no purchase – if you do, you are done for.

I exit therefore as gracefully as I can.  To horse – with trepidation.  But bliss: we go by backstreets to the Sphinx – it's over – I'm alive.  To hell with being ripped off (he wanted baksheesh – but I was inclined to give it to him not just to propitiate his/Egypt's gods, but also because he showed a real – as I imagine it – Arabic fire and pride, à la Omar Sharif in That Film).

But to backtrack.  My feelings were very strange.  I was clearly afraid – very afraid – and yet there was none of the normal physical symptoms in the guts, bowels, heart.  Instead, my body was perfectly calm.  And my mind was perfectly clear: I could see my death so close.  But it is like being about to vomit: you either decide to, or you don't; and on this occasion I was able to refuse death's offer by not quite falling off.  I suppose too I felt an elation – physical – in the mad gallop across the ancient sands – and mental – the stupid sense of daring to do this, of not chickening out…

Talking of chickening out, the chicken livers were fantastic.  I also treated myself to tehinababa ghanoush, nice and – inevitably – the om ali, which did not disappoint.  The place is fair old a-buzz now – certainly the best value I've had in Egypt from all points of view.  And good atmosphere.

It is also interesting to note how my pride operated through my horse-riding incident.  My optimistic and wildly-inflated notion of flying through the desert, the cruel reality – always at its worst in terms of my incompetence when other westerners were around.  And my pride forced me on, refused to let me crawl away in defeat.  The Egyptian must have loved it – he made little effort to help – or even stay behind, racing away, leaving a spume of dust – another obstacle for me to avoid.  He was also cruel to his animal – beating it not only about the flanks, but around the head and eyes too…

But very interesting, that sense of just clinging on – literally, and metaphorically.  A turkish coffee now to finish.

10.3.90 Cairo

You go away for a couple of weeks, and everything changes – breakfast served in the dining room… In the car to Suez - E£90.  The Koran sung achingly on a tone, the smell of petrol, driving through the outskirts of the city.  Desmond Hogan is Durrell gone mad – the ultimate wet style.  We have picked up a squaddie – which annoys me – and that I am annoyed is even more annoying…

After endless suburbs, the desert – lots of army camps.  Nothing very attractive.  But I can see why three monotheistic religions arose in the desert.  With no animals, nothing, man is turned back on himself – to an anthropomorphic god… Near Suez, fine mountains to the south, great barren folds of brown.  Hazy now, clouds coming in from the east.  Closer, oil refineries – their flames like great Bunsen burners.  

There is a corniche of sorts – except that it fronts onto what looks like a flattened rubbish tip.  Nice hazy view of mountains to the south, and of Port Tawfik.  And three Israeli tanks, stuck as souvenirs of war.  Strange to see bent tanks, three of them, sitting on the promenade.  Suez itself pretty ugly – concrete, much building.  Dusty, fly blown.  [Engineering office: "for erection and general contraction".] 

Port Tawfik, to the end: good view of ships emerging from the Suez Canal, and of the mountains.  Cairo about 130 km away.  More tanks in Tawfik, and on the road back to Cairo, a troop carrier – the detritus of war.  Amazing image: a tip-up lorry full of bitumen – alight – being fed with petrol. Great sheets of flame.  Another memorial: two tanks – and that image of Ramses II.  

Altogether, a very interesting failure.  I wanted (he says, back at the Hotel Semiramis) to see the ships passing like camels of the desert (think about it).  Instead, they were no more than distant images.  But even as I tried to persuade my driver to go nearer the canal – which he did not understand, and when he did, and I had suggested going up to the tunnel under the canal, he refused as being too far away – I realised that this was the apt ending, that nature was already creating art. 

As my bath runs after a massage here at the hotel, a glorious sunset for my farewell – Re himself.  Not just the red globe, but the full array of pinks, purples, greys, even nacreous hues.  A few light clouds are empurpled by it, the sky shades away to the blue, bled into by pink.  The sun is swathed in growing clouds now – Osiris-like - and falling exactly between two skyscrapers.  The Nile a sheet of light blue steel.

So, where did I get to?  I sit now, after dinner, facing the same view as above, but it appears now as a christmas tree of orange lights.  No lunch – only some tea up here – after all, I put on weight based on the premise I would lose it willy-nilly.  But (happily) this ain't happened, so I need to knock off a few pounds.  Then down by the pool – I may as well get my money's worth – to sunbathe.  It is now a fine, clear day, but the wind is quite fresh, and I didn't feel very sunshined.

Which is just as well, as it forces me off my backside over to the Egyptian Museum – without guidebooks.  I just wanted to look and remember – and discover.  It was almost strange seeing the Pharaonic stuff again – I feel quite distant from it.  But it was also delightful the way it meant more – both in terms of new facts, but also context.  I also saw things I'd missed the first time.  Like the ubiquitous Hathor, like the cuneiform tablets found at El Amarna, like Tut's trumpets.  And all the names and places and times and shapes made sense.  The old dinner bell went far too soon.  So, nodding to the giant Amenhotep and Tiw, I spent the last few minutes in front of old fish-chisel – Narmer's tablet.  I still could not get over it – or the miracle of its survival .  And even here I noticed something new: tiny Hathor heads on the king's girdle.

So, a good ending.  As was the rest of the day.  Back here for a work out in the gym.  I soon felt sick even though I'd not eaten anything.  I was a little disconcerted talking to a bloke there with a crutch.  Talking to him, it turned out he'd broken his neck in a motorcycle accident – two years ago – and was still recovering.  I thought of yesterday, and what might have happened to me…

Then a quick sauna (in swimming trunks – pah) – and then a full body massage (a bloke, of course) which felt really good. Then a bath (as recommended), watching the sunset, dinner (at Felfela – weak, and indeed not as good as yesterday), then here to pack, prepare for tomorrow et al.

11.3.90 Cairo airport

Well, here we are then, drinking mango juice.  A cloudy morning, red eye of Re again on the way here.  Tragically, I didn't sleep well – far too hot and dehydrated.  But otherwise hotel good.  I've not written about it before: huge – around 600 rooms, like a small community, endlessly bustling – you can see why people set novels in them – they are a society writ small.  Cost about £90 all told – including massage…

Sitting here, feeling immensely calm, worldly-wise and – just a smidgeon – above it all, I watch the people.  I see the nationalities in the raising of the hand, the ageing of young women into sharp-faced hags.  And in my eternal lip-reading, I see that the office (NB for "Doing the Business") is also a paradigm of life: those who command, those who obey, the tiny signs that indicate both.  Thus in a young couple (married), the delightful wife looking a little Egyptian with her long wavy hair: she commands, she is stronger.  And you can tell in the cant of her head: it is the angle I too adopt in the office.  As "officer" (NB: office ↔ office – business and rank).

A passenger at the airport.  A man, above average size, thickset, fattish, late 40s.  His head shaved (today, judging by the cuts), nicely tanned, large and smooth.  But at the neck, through the fat there, the skin had made a large, single fold, four inches across.  As he moved his head, it opened and closed like a hideous mouth, or something leech-like.  Horrible.  Watching the married couples here, I am afflicted with a tremendous (patronising) tenderness for them in all their frailties.  Like watching a stumbling, hopeful child.

I have never finished a holiday feeling so fresh: normally I have drawn heavily on my stored resources.  In part this is because I have not been unwell: my guts have coped admirably.  It also has to do with the size of Egypt: it is nothing compared to India.  India exhausts by its vastness.  Note too that Egypt is essentially one dimensional: the Nile.  This makes its conquest - by invaders and tourist – far easier than two-dimensional lands.

I cannot stop "Egyptian Romance" pullulating in my head.  My books are like children who demand attention: they don't want to wait. Flying up the coast of Italy, the country laid out like a papier-mâché model.  A pool of shaving-cream cloud.  We follow the highway: tracing the smeared snail-slime of an earlier plane.  The Alps now fringe the horizon.  

Final thoughts from Egypt: how pedestrians running among traffic would suddenly align themselves in bands – like electrons in quantum states.  That smell of cigarettes.  The other smell: horse dung.  I really feel Egypt has given me Europe.  Why?  Egypt has been a constant presence to all European history – although colonised, it lay there, always waiting, always enduring longer than any empire.  

Nearer the Alps: growing in my field of vision.  The problem with Durrell – good as he is – is his claustrophobic limited vision.  I longed for more than Alexandria…a warning to monomanes.  Passing Matterhorn.  I must learn to fly, too.  Amazing how the Alps just stop.

1990 Egypt I: Cairo, Saqqarah, Giza
1990 Egypt II: Luxor, Aswan, Abu Simbel
1990 Egypt III: Asyut, Kharga, El Amarna

More destinations:

Wednesday, 22 April 2020

1990 Egypt I: Cairo, Saqqarah, Giza

18.2.90 Cairo

Cairo airport interesting.  Already even there a certain pushiness manifest – I am sure that this will increase.  At least I have got the hang of taxis: don't take touts, go for official ones.  The ride in from the airport past military installations, huge hotels, the statue of Ramses.  Nearer Cairo, everything turns into roads.  And the driving – nobody obeys traffic lights, everyone wheels everywhere.  Near the main railway station, people add to the melee.  The station new, gleaming, floodlit.  We pass several metro stations, the "M"  peeking out from the Arabic spaghetti – apart from the inevitable Japanese trademarks, English is little in evidence.

I am now sitting in the reception of the Hotel Cosmopolitan, which is less as I expected, more as I hoped.  Gleaming white pseudo-classical architecture, ironwork, plants, creaking lift.  My room an odd polygon, crisp sheets, French telephone.  But everything teeters on the brink: light sockets don't work, locks are broken.  The drive here seemed long and circuitous.  We were beaten by a coachload of German tourists; tourists – of all nationalities – abound in their groups.  I will be the odd one out, again.  The streets, by night at least, have a strangely French provincial air about them.  Several women I have seen have been really attractive: small, dark, shapely, fine eyes.  The men vary enormously, from blackest Nubians to light yellow types.  

Breakfast – continental, even down to the "la vache qui rit" cheese.  Hot, strange coffee.  In a spirit of contrariness, I ache for Europe.  Brahms goes through my head.  Walk out to Tahrir Square – no signs, but instinct does not deceive.  Cars – Ladas, Peugeot 504s – every one battered and bruised.  Overcast day, but just right for walking.  Dust in the air.  To the Nile.  The NileThe Nile.  Slightly wider than the Thames.  Undistinguished really (except it is the only major river to flow northwards), but still the Nile…

Although there is clearly poverty, it is not Indian-style: the cars are too modern, there are too many people in three-piece suits – as well as galabijas.  Westernised women and women in scarfs.  The sun is breaking though; the heat is palpable even from this.  Summer must be hell.  To Cairo Tower.  The first sight of the pyramids through the haze, an amazing presence even at this distance.  Cairo creeps up to it like an urban bindweed – but dares go no closer.  Looking east, minarets appear on the hill above the city.  Otherwise all is hazy blocks of flats, offices, roads, cars everywhere.  Not a beautiful city, but one of manifest energy – and presumably the biggest for a good few thousands miles in all directions (is Delhi/Calcutta bigger? Nothing in Europe is).  One noticeable trait: the Cairenes seem keen on reading – everywhere, even the poorest worker is deep in his paper – without wishing to patronise, an impressive achievement.

It is nearly 11 o'clock, and still the traffic pours into the centre; does it never stop?  To Felfela restaurant for lunch – wonderfully atmospheric.  The smell of incense, strangely woody interior – tree trunk cross-sections for tables – and terrapins in tanks.  Bessara then chicken then om ali; we shall see what damage it does.  There is faint music in the background: Cairo is otherwise oddly bereft of it – just the bleat of cars and thunder of lorries.  Occasionally I pass a shop and hear a quick snatch.

In the afternoon to the Egyptian Museum.  Following the Blue Guide.  Limestone figures: they look life-like – presumably are.  Amazing haircut of bloke – layered beehive.  Menkaure triad – so perfect, so old – IV dynasty.   The more you look at the crown the more primitive it seems.  Why this shape?  So impractical.  And the hieroglyphs – already very sure.  42: A roomful of seated and standing people, four to five thousand years old.  The square headed Khafre in glorious diorite.  In the same room, amazing pic of the pyramids – taken from directly above Khufu's – abstract geometric images.

Millions of hieroglyphs – but I am blind to them.  Between rooms 21 and 16, mirror images in Arabic numerals.  I had not noticed until Egypt that we write our Arabic numerals from right to left: 21, 31… Four sphinxes in a row (there should be a better plural).  Room 7: a small insignificant relief of a couple receiving offerings.  For no apparent reason, every face has been mutilated.  Why?  8: scenes of dancing and music.  If only we knew what it sounded like.  The standard problem here: how can we look at 100,000 objects and see anything?  Also, if we use a guidebook to help us, we are looking at the wrong thing.  The guided tour – Germans mostly – are a pain.

3: Akhnaten.  Weird to be surrounded by his artefacts.  His face – long and thing - a serious young man.  Again clearly a portrait and no mere idealisation.  When he proclaimed his new faith he must have terrified people.  A fleshy nose.  A small relief of Akhnaten and Nefertiti – with faint grid lines on it – for copying?  Also a long chin – visible in the above, too.  A roomful of coins, stupid circles of metal.  But on one, barely visible: "aleksandro" written in Greek…

Curious, pondering figure of Ramses II, shielded by Horus, a great lock of hair to his right.  This is an eerie place, with its colossal weight of history – not one to be locked in at night.  24: impressive for all the granite they hewed: not easy.  Green schist of Taweret – as a pregnant hippo…  35: proto-semitic inscriptions: the smell of electricity leaping across cultures.  34: to see the classical stuff makes it all look very decadent.  47: in one of the Nubian rooms, a game board with dice – the latter identical to those of today: how far back do they go?  

To the central hall (at last – it's taken over two hours), and back to the Narmer Palette, which is stunning.  It speaks very directly of that time, of the forging of a country, of war, of dominion.  And yet it has writing too: empire and words, inextricably bound up, words giving empire over reality, to propose alternatives, to give orders.  Writing is empowering – cf. 19th century England, the reluctance to teach reading to the working classes.  Reading => new ideas => writing => action.  Words on global computer networks – tyranny-proof?  Cf. information blocks in repressive regimes – every typewriter registered under Ceaușescu…  Perhaps Narmer is moving because it is primitive – unlike most Egyptian art – which looks too perfect. 

38: the ancient games – the urge to model, to control, to play.  A pair of ivory castanets – I think I saw them in a relief before.  The atrium, like a huge temple – a foretaste, I hope.  A ray of sunlight cuts across it like something from an "Indiana Jones" film.  Despite the repeated signs around the place, everyone – myself included – has an irresistible urge to touch things.  Partly, I suppose, because stone cries out for it; partly to reach back to the past, to the person who engraved the words and the images.

It is amazing the number of old folks who visit places like Egypt.  What good does it do them?  Is it a rounding off of their lives?  It certainly is not useful.  Perhaps to pass the time, waiting for death.  The time to travel is when you are young and can be usefully changed by it.

18: rightly dominating the hall, the serenely confident massive double group of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye.  Sums up Egypt in my image of it.  13: the Israel Stela – a magic cross-reference.  It is noticeable that a particular area has been rubbed clean – but who knows if it is right? Words.  The bell has rung – we must go…

I am now in Groppi's - not proving a pleasant experience.  Primo: I sit in a smoky, draughty place – my fault.  Secondo: when I move, the waiter goes bananas, perhaps thinking I am doing a runner or whatever; terzo: there is the cake, which when it turns up looks as if someone has gobbed all over it (perhaps they have…); quarto: the coffee's 'orrible.  Ergo: I will not be coming back – or tipping heavily.  Groppi's is near my hotel.  To reach it I pass a large clock – which plays Big Ben's chimes, aka Great St Mary's (ah, England, England…) - but apparently amplified through a grotty speaker.  Very strange.  

So, what of my first day in Egypt?  As I suspected, it reminds me much of Greece, Athens in particular, with its concrete, its traffic, the latter's noise, its antiquities.  The Nile is special, but not glamorous here.  The pyramids are a promise.  

Everybody smokes like a bloody chimney here.  

I am currently trying to work out my itinerary, the when and where that must be fitted together like a puzzle.  It is interesting how my novel is starting to affect me from the future, because my book's shapes are very much continent on what happened to me: now I am shaping my life to fit the book

[Parenthetically, I have quinto for Groppi's: tried to pay ten times the bill – thus making myself look like a typical tourist [sub-parenthetically – this should be discussed in "On Tourism", along with "The Language of Tourism", "Old Tourism", "The Demise of Tourism" – we can't travel because it's too easy, no sense of distance] and then sesto: I tip too much. Bo!]

This, for all its manifest faults for me – tubular steel chairs, rickety metal tables – seems to be the place dewy-eyed courting couples – perhaps the chairs and tables are specially-designed: the chairs thrust you forward over the exiguous tables.  There seems to be a lot of it going on – and this a Muslim country.  However, to keep things in perspective, my debacle here – and the cost of my rest in this stimulating if none-too-endearing place – was around 50p.

Today is Sunday – in some places.  So far as I can tell, Egypt is a bit schizophrenic: Friday is the Sabbath, so to speak, but Sunday seems half one too.  We shall see on Friday.  Speaking generally (and extrapolating from about two points) just as the women seem to balloon as they age, the men, perhaps in compensation, seem to become attenuated.  There are fat old men here, of course, just as there are svelte old women; but we are talking gross simplifications here [I remember the temple tower in Guangzhou: why? Why now?]  

God knows why, but this place has filled out nicely: there is a gentle conversational hubbub in Groppi's now.  Even without my novel-to-be, I am sure that the secret to this place is the writing.  This is the first time I have been anywhere that was opaque: in Russia I could at least transliterate, and in India, Roman script abounds.  Here it is an effort even to read the numbers of buses; it is like Bergman's "Cries and Whispers": I am trapped in a silent land.  Cultural reference is the same: if I speak (of Bergman, for example), and it is meaningless to you, my conversation starts dropping out.

What are the urges to empire?  Is it partly that conquering of those who speak differently: is an empire defined by conquering those who speak a sufficiently different language?  If they speak another language, they are assimilated; if they have their own, they remain separate and retain the possibility of re-emerging as a nation. 

It is strange how in countries like Egypt, Greece et al. the lower middle/working classes wear suits without ties on their days off.  In Britain, people would never do the same.  Is one function of the cigarette to provide a legitimisation of the hand covering the mouth when talking?  In normal conversation, doing so is fairly obviously a sign of evasion.  A cigarette allows you to satisfy the primal urge to hide what you say, without appearing to.  This thought flows from watching the tête-à-tête around me.

To the left of me, a German is reading a translation of "The Confederacy of Dunces" – a quotation I recently came across (Swift); a Frenchman reads "Prague's Dimanche" – of which I know nothing.  An overweight Westerner in a loud check jacket smokes a cigar ostentatiously.  My language problems continue: one of the charlies here is hell-bent on moving me to another table – and wants me to order more.  Since I have not touched the accursed cake, this is hardly on.  My ankles are cold.  The wind rises quite surprisingly in the evening.  Sitting outside in Tahrir Square (memories of the square by Oslo's Rådhuset) the fountains spray was lifted and carried some way.  The wind rose, bowling grit and garbage before it.

What extraordinary behaviour: charlie comes up to me again, and suggests I want to move.  I disabuse him.  He offers to replenish the yummies I had before.  I refuse this too.  He then gets uppity – so I get up, and leave.

To the Nile, which looks good by dusk.  Tahrir Square lit up like Piccadilly Circus.  Along the Nile Corniche, past huge hotels staring at nothing in particular.  Birds fly overhead, feluccas bob at anchor.  I walk to Garden City, to El Nil hotel, then up to the UK embassy.  I buy a bag of bickies.  I survive crossing the roads – I now realise that the old woman I saw crossing the traffic in front of the Vittorio Emanuele monument in a semi-suicidal fashion must simply have had Egyptian blood in her.  Back to Felfela – the old Lonely Planet gives pretty lukewarm recommendations to everything else.

Afterwards.  The ghanoush (aubergine pate) spicy, and the fegatini (ah! Shades of Arezzo) particularly liquid in their tenderness.  I have been really weak: I have ordered om ali – nuts, raisins, pastry, milk - again; last time it was ambrosial.  The bustle in this place is magic.  Tens of white-wrapped waiters zoom around – creating quite a draught – while DJ'd top men look on benignly.  I do believe the place is full to bursting – rightly so: the food is excellent and cheap.  And not many Japanese – unlike everywhere else.  Here is seems to be Germans, Brits and other Euro trash. 

The design of the place: long and narrow, in three sections not counting the entrance hall which also doubles as part of the kitchens.  The first part (where I sat at lunchtime) has raised levels, terrapins and baby crocodiles (well, that's what the book said).  Next, the bar, then a larger section that really seems to pack them in.  Interesting wicker work on the ceiling, variously ornate lamps (i.e. bulbs).  Wood and stone everywhere; nice.  Queues at the door.  The bustle accelerates.

19.2.90 Saqqarah

With Mohammed (E£50 the day) to Saqqarah.  Long busy road parallel to the Nile.  English signs soon disappear – glad I'm not driving.  Cool day.  Sun breaking through high clouds.  At Memphis the landscape changes: sand.   Saqqarah is all sand – with rubble everywhere.  The pyramids set on a plateau.  A cool breeze blows, the sun occluded.  A ringing tintinnabulation as I arrive: stonebreakers, metal on rock.  The long, impressive causeway – beautiful dressed stone.  

To the pyramid of Unas – inside my first pyramid.  Weird, descending steeply inside the stone – about four feet high.  Then hit by the warmth – and tobacco smell – Egyptians inside, waiting to "explain".  Inside, the Wendy doll-house-shaped room, covered in texts, the ultimate wallpaper.  Completely silent.  According to my book of translations, these are the oldest of the pyramid texts – and hence nearly the oldest Egyptian: "Re-Atum, this Unas comes to you…"  The urge to graffiti: the urge to immortality.  Page 36 of Miriam Lichtheim's "Ancient Egyptian Literature Vol I": the cannibalism – weird. The sense of ancient rites and knowledge. Why these texts? Why these combinations?

The cartouche of Unas everywhere – a word I can read.  On the north wall, a row of them.  Fifty-six of them.  Above, another row, but not as many.  Interestingly, the cartouche is reversed on the north and south walls – presumably all the texts are.  Traces of blue remain in some of the hieroglyphs.  

Outside into the brilliant sunshine, the air still cool.  To the Persian tombs, locked with a padlock made in China… Climbing a dune I am confronted by the sands.  In the distance, the "bent" pyramid.  On the south side, you see the structure clearly, in a section.  Also huge hieroglyphs on the face: an ancient Egyptian billboard.  By the southern tomb of Zoser's courtyard, there is an amazingly deep shaft.  You can see the strata of sandstone.  What a feat.  The Southern House: now we traipse in to see ancient graffiti. 

Ptah-hotep – nothing from the outside, astonishing inside.  The colours so vivid – but surely damaged by the careless visitors – soon it will be shut off: I am lucky again.  No gods, no cartouche [the cartouche: royal vanity helped decipher hieroglyphs].  The  hieroglyphs are slightly archaic – some of the earliest.  The musicians over the door: flute, singer, harpist, clapper.  A long, low flute.  The ochre, greens, blues, blacks – four to five thousand years old.  The detail: a calf's birth, wrestling youths, acrobats, the simulated palm trunks of the ceiling.  The sophistication – manicure and pedicure.  It's been downhill all the way, really.

To the Serapeum, surely one of the oddest places in the world.  A huge, long corridor, with enormous sarcophagi on each side – those of the bulls.  They look like giants' tombs, or those of aliens.  Unbelievably large chunks of granite.  The tunnel itself is collapsing – there are timbers shoring it up – a little worrying.  Warm again – with birds in here.  

To the end, to the final bull sarcophagus on the right: magnificent stone over one foot thick, the lid two feet thick – how did they manoeuvre it all?  Crude hieroglyphs scratched in the beautiful stone.  The ancient Egyptians seem to have had a real sensibility for stone.  But what effort, to what an end…  In the side corridor, an abandoned sarcophagus almost blocking it.  It has a sense of abandonment still, as if left yesterday.

The sun is high now, and quite warm.  I am by the pyramid of Userkof.  Its entrance is everything one imagines – a gap rent in the rock face, a black hole, with precarious slabs perched above it.  Nothing to see, though.  To a certain extent, the pyramids are a negation of the flat desert, a statement of humanity.  Zoser's is extraordinary: each of the five layers like a slap in the face of the sand.  To Teti's pyramid after Mereruka – the latter feeble after Ptah-hotep – coarse workmanship, crude images.  Teti is bigger than Unas, but fewer of its texts survive.  Once again, his cartouche is in evidence.  Magic: "O great strider/who sows greenstone, malachite, turquoise – stars!/As you are green so may Teti be green,/Green as a living reed!".

Memphis: what a name, what resonance.  The reality – a dusty lay-by on the road to Saqqara.  A sphinx, a few stelae – all that is left of the country's capital.  Except, of course, the ultimate insult – that of Ramses II, a huge prostrate form, flat on his back- the weakest position.  Massive – and impotent.  He can't even see Memphis.  Typically, he is covered – shoulders, chest, girdle, wrists, the stick in his hands – with his cartouche, repeated like propaganda.

Back in the haven of my hotel – more of that anon – the coffee has arrived, smelling as French as ever (memories: the Parisian youth hostel miles out, the huge bowls of coffee).  Driving with Mohammed: a near-chain smoker (E£1 for 20 – no wonder); a childhood smell; getting into a car I smelt old smoke, cheap plastic – the Ford Zephyr, the Zodiac.  Seems hard to believe my parents smoked; thankfully, they both gave up early ["Smoking is bad,/for a Dad,/it can cause lung infection./Although it has not much detection."] I hate fags, but the smell of cigs in third-world taxis is right, somehow.  As we approached Cairo, the sun on my neck, the same tape played endlessly, the traffic coagulated.  Soon we were at a standstill, despite the constant jockeying, misses by an inch.

To Ramses Station; a nightmare.  The worst job in the world: traffic policeman in Cairo, their dinky chequered sleeves waving impotently.  Here the "Just Me More" principle reaches its logical conclusion: everybody always trying to edge through – result: gridlock.  In a few years' time, Cairo will be solid from dawn to dusk.

Parenthetically: my three guide books complement each other well.  The Lonely Planet is demotic, no nonsense, practical and helpful; the Blue Guide is aloof and aristocratic, usually very comprehensive, but rather cold; Michael von Haag's book for Travelaid – the both of which I have never come across – is anecdotal, detailed in a personal way – and feels rather like I hope Walks with Lorenzetti feels: knowledgeable yet intimate. I'm certainly glad I brought Mike's book along – it was touch and go at one point.

So, at Ramses Station.  Without much objection from me, old Mohammed shows me where the sleeper ticket office is.  Mini-disaster: 22 February is full up; I take one for 21st, leaving 7pm, for E£141.  Sounds expensive (ish), though apparently dinner and brekkers is included.  So I leave a day early.  I love long train rides – this one is about ten hours.  It is the only way to get the feel of the country.

Then a long, slow, painful drive to the old Cosmopolitan.  Baksheesh for Mohammed, then to here.  I note that the E£3 spent on Saqqarah was the best value I ever had, except possibly for the complete works in Italian and Latin of Dante, published by OUP, and costing me 60p in a second-hand bookstall held in Cambridge at the Fitzwilliam Museum.  I've never seen the latter elsewhere at any price.  A treasure.

The landscape around Saqqarah very lush.  Waving palm trees, blindfolded donkeys circling water pumps, camels, asses, horses, women, children, bikes, motorcycles everywhere.  At times the wind was wicked, what with the sand – murder for contact lens wearers.  The rest-house tent selling cake and chicken-flavoured crisps.  The attendants at the tombs tiresome when they try to turn into guides – you can't blame them.  Amazingly fluent as they switch from English, to German, to French, to Italian – the same phrase.  For them perhaps, there exists this strange schizo language "European" – not so very different from each other, anyway.  Impressive really.  That Serapeum, a disturbing image of institutionalised madness.  The effort that went into the construction of it all.  Bulls, indeed.  

After coffee, out for a preprandial.  Towards Ezehbehiyah Garden.  People out for their passeggiata, bustling streets à la Bond Street.  Ezehbehiyah is split in two by stalls – clothes, shoes, music, books,  The gardens closed.  At the edge I watch the sunset.

Then along Opera Midan to the tourist office – but I can't think of any question.  To the clock – and into a bookshop.  I was weak: as well as Middle East News, I bought Gardiner's "Middle Egyptian Grammar" – for E£55, a snip.  Well, it had to be done.  It's cheap, not too heavy – looks like a cheap reprint.  To the room, reading newspaper.  Then to Felfela – well, it's good and reasons as above.  No room for me.  Once round the block, then back – to try fuul – is this wise?

Handshaking here seems a much more natural action then in the UK.  There, the hand is almost a challenge, thrust at you; here, the hands meet and melt in a warmly fluid action.  

The experience of descending into the earth – the pyramids, the Serapeum – so odd.  It really is like entering the underworld, a parallel realm.  (cf. "Citta' Invisibili" – which I must read in Italian).  A comment from Mohammed, after Memphis, trying to direct me into one of his pet souvenir shops: "real papyrus – not bananas!"  I note that the banknotes of Egypt not only have (our) Arabic numerals, but even "Central Bank of Egypt".  Such is the power of the tourist.

20.2.90 Cairo

Reading Gardiner last night – what a book, what a world.  Interesting facts about ancient Egyptian: related to Semitic and Hamitic; but like English, is a collapsed, stripped-down language – lost lots of forms, letters etc.  Suggests fusions of two tongues – like English and Norman – that is, conquest of one tribe by another and the resulting linguistic erosion.  These events must have happened around 6000 BCE say – seven or eight thousand years ago. Language is like DNA: it bears the imprints of all miscegenations.

Along to El Misr travel agency.  Terribly helpful – but ultimately only offering very expensive hotels in Luxor and Aswan.  I'll see what happens when I'm there.  In the Egyptian Museum.  Given the vastness of the Tut collection, only a rush through the upper galleries.  Odd to be surrounded by all these sarcophagi – like the scene in the film 2001: the sleepers waiting to awake.  And the words everywhere.  The ancient Egyptians were like children with logorrhea: they had the same with writing – every surface covered, as if they were tapes of their speech, to stop them becoming dumb.

Other exhibits – the alabaster vases.  The beautiful papyri – cruelly exposed to the light.  A room full of ships and other models.  Mummified animals; cases full of brilliant blue glazeware – gorgeous turquoise.  But I am stalling: I must essay Tut himself.

Greeted by the man: two black and gold statues.  I see his cartouche for the first – but hardly the last – time.  Wonderful scimitars – weird instruments.  Ostrich fan with cartouche.  Ankh symbols – gilt, looking like Jean Tinguely mobiles.  Horrible mummies of babies (foetuses).  The pix around the room of the tomb – like an old lumber store – junk everywhere, but 3000-year-old junk.  Wonderful recognising his cartouche – a signature, a voice.  A coffin with a lock of hair from the queen's grandmother…  Everything – even knobbly flails – has his name on it – "this is mine".  A model of a granary – with grains.  In an earlier room, dessicated figs, raisins… 324: what a masterpiece, details. Poor old Nubians get it again.  Hundreds of small images of the king, all with his name – like amplifications of the soul.  Glorious throne, amazing moulding of king and queen.  Bee and sedge on sides.  Even Aten has a uraeus.  A caseful of throwsticks, some looking like boomerangs.  The craftmanship of the alabaster – puts Nottingham to shame. And the lamp: what patience to make it.  The gilt canopic jars and their boxes.  A nice effect: looking at the outer tomb, the first tomb can be seen reflected in the glass so as to appear inside it: intentional?  Or the gods looking after their own?

Lunch in the café? – my stomach is beginning to give a few warnings, so I need to ease up.  I am knackered.  Tut is impressive – the wealth – the inner coffins weigh 100 kg – solid gold – and the opulence of the king's lifestyle.  But of course the abiding impression is of how much has been lost: Tut was a footling, young king.  Imagine what the splendours of Ramses II were.  And imagine the glee of the tomb robbers.

To Midan Hussein – eventually.  Usual traffic madness – I think taxicabs may earn their rates.  The number of near-nicks for cars – and people. [Parenthetically, I seem to have ended up with a Turkish coffee: it looks like black sludge – but tastes quite nice.]  Having been dumped somewhere, I had to find where.  No signs in English, and nothing really looked like the map. Some wandering, then I found the Mosque of Hussein.  Alas, one of the two forbidden to non-Muslims.  An odd design, with Gothic (sic) windows – influenced by Sir George Gilbert Scott, apparently.  

Then a wander through the Khalili souk.  This place is really Arabic.  Reminds me of Chandni Chowk and Jaipur, Jodhpur et al. A real warren – but civilised, vaguely touristy.  Not that much pressure, though.  Indeed, contrary to reports, I've had little in the way of such hassle.  Perhaps it's me.  Also, parenthetically, relatively few beggars.  Only a couple of begging women and children, or legless cripples.  Also noticeable are the kids trooping to and from school – very young.  Bodes well for the country.  

I wander further, looking for the incense bazaar.  I get lost, and find myself increasingly in muddy backstreets.  Horses are more common.  Not quite as bad as Jaisalmer.  Still not very threatening – I felt less safe in Varanasi, behind the main burning ghat.  Eventually I re-orient myself.  Time for a mosque – that of Sultan al-Mu'ayyad Mosque looks good.  E£1 to get in – and have my shoes locked up.  Inside, fairly decrepit – but in use, which I always find a bit off-putting.  Some repairs going on, men having a kip.  I go up the minaret, led by the effusive doorkeeper working hard on his baksheesh – too hard on him, poor, broken-winded smoker that he is.

To the first stage, in a dusty, dusky winding staircase.  Pretty rough – reminds me of Montepulciano, where you ascended a series of rickety ladders to the top of the tower pretty much at your own risk.  The view: 'orrible.  Egyptians seem to use their roofs as dustbins, piling junk and debris up there.   Everything is grey and dusty – a city, however ancient and medieval, of concrete – even the minarets.  It looks better from below.  Ascending to the very top of the tower, things didn't improve.  [Ultimately, all books become Books of the Dead.] [How ugly Westerners must look with their Al-amarna drooping faces, their sharpness, their lack of grace.]  I can see most of the main mosques - Ibn Tulun, Sultan Hassan, Al-Azhar, Al Hakim; I can see the wall of hills, the old citadel.  All grey, hung with haze.  Blocks of flats girdle the city.

Egyptians are such hedonists – the ultra-sweet coffee and food, the water-pipes.  A European wearing a tie – must be British.  In the awning of this café, it is cool.  To my right, the grey-yellow sandstone of Hussein and the constant barking of horns.  PS: I never found Tut's horn in the Egyptian Museum.  Pity.  But there were good smells in Khan el-Khalili – incense, strange perfumes and – most evocative – liquorice...the smell of distant childhood.  A woman selling monkey nuts moves next to me with her charming but snotty kids.  She is wrapping the nuts up in pages from an Arabic book – not a valuable one, I hope… A scene from the past…  To the Mosque of Al-Azhar.  A big open space.  As I sit in the sun, the muezzin's voice bleats from the hidden loudspeakers.  The faithful gather for prayer.  They line up inside, bowing periodically. In Khan el-Khalili, I hear music for the first time – as in India and Nepal.

A walk to the Nile (sounds good, dunnit?).  Then, weakly, to Felfela's – who have redesigned their menu without asking me.  Usual reasons.  At least today I am back in the main part, not the front.  And I have ordered quail.

The ancient Egyptian that has come down to us is like a mummy: an eviscerated skeleton.  If we have the odd canopic jar – through Coptic (sic) – it is not enough to bring it back to life.  Despite all the spells we have, we don't have the one to effect that.  Indeed, ancient Egyptian is a twitching skeleton.  Also note: the first history (= written) is probably Narmer's tablet.  First halting attempt at writing, and first proud statement of identity (the king's name) and celebration of upper Egypt conquering lower Egypt – "the men of the papyrus brought captives" – nice symbolism that it would be papyrus that revolutionised writing many years later.  Compare the living, witty forms of hieroglyphs with cuneiform – a spiky, accountant's language.  Hieroglyphs capture the initial wonder of words – as in "Nar-mer" – hearing them with a fresh ear, childlike, not grown-up and analytical.

21.2.90 Giza

As I write, I sit at the heart of Khufu's pyramid.  What an experience.  Millions of tons of stone about me.  A crazy passage here: very long, narrow and steep – and quite claustrophobic if you thought about it too long.  And how do we get out with the hordes coming in?  A teaser...

I arose early, hoping to beat the crowds here – which I did – but I also hoped to be able to climb this thing – which looks unlikely – tourist police are everywhere.  Perhaps I am not too disappointed.  At 8am, I have the place to myself.  A glorious morning, a light mist over Cairo.  Clear blue sky.  The pyramids cast huge, dark shadows on the sand.  They are immense, glorious.  Nearby Cairo – and there is a lot of it between the Nile and here – is a footling excrescence. 

The huge slabs here are so perfectly dressed – not the faintest gap in the black granite.  Huge slabs in the centre.  We are very trusting of the ancient engineers – I wouldn't trust anything of ours after a few thousand years.  It is very warm in here, the stored body heat of thousands, I suppose.  Everyone else seems very light-hearted and trivial, as if intoxicated.  Cameras in the main gallery and tomb.  The lack of hieroglyphs makes it feel rather stark and lonely.  Perhaps no wonder that people spend little time in here: there is almost literally nothing to look at.  Even the sarcophagus is anonymous.

Amazing – I have the place to myself.  It is quite frightening.  I think I prefer it when there are others.  As they descend, the place booms menacingly.  Yikes.  This place is nearly 5000 years old.  I cannot grasp it.

In many ways, the gallery is the most impressive part: you get a better sense of scale, of the architectural achievement.  The long passage to it is amazing too: looking down along it, you are most aware of the sense of passing in to stone.  There is something rather sad about all these wrinklies staggering up here, half killing themselves.  Then they leave almost immediately.  Why bother?  I am in the chamber leading to the hall: it is so impressive with its overlapping stones, edging in like some horror movie "Curse of the Mummy".  It gives a good idea of the (presumed) diagonal construction here (everywhere?).  Imagine if the lights went out.  On the way back, I take the descending path: very long, a real sense of down.  Kills the legs.  Smell of ammonia. The weight above me…

To the boat pit – a covering for my shoes.  Very impressive – about 100 feet long – it must have been a proud sight on the Nile.  Imagine a flotilla of them.  The sun outside is very pleasant now – strong but cooled by the wind.  No jacket.  My legs are trembling from ascending the steps to the original entrance – great exercise – and the lights did go out for a while…

Down to the Sphinx.  It is, as warned, surprisingly small.  Sitting in a chair for the Son et Lumière, the view is great: the three pyramids, the Sphinx crouching down in its quarry, peeping over the top.  Covered in scaffolding.  From here, the pyramids look as if they have a textured surface.

At last some hieroglyphs – faint on the outside of the south temple.  Out to Menkaure's pyramid.  I am surprised how easy it is to get away from tourist and touts.  No one here.  Cairo a haze in the background, a few skyscrapers, the pyramids, and Saqqarah behind me.  The two big pyramids in front.  I'm sitting on part of the fallen casing – red and black stone.  To my left, three baby pyramids.  At last, I can see the Cairo Tower through a gap, next to one of the small pyramids next to Khufu's.

To Ibn Tulun Mosque – with a driver posing as a taxi driver, and not knowing the way.  But this is what a mosque should be.  Huge open space, massive galleries, peaceful, beehive structure in the centre, curling minaret.  Up the minaret.  The view, well, grey again.  It strikes me that Islam is an open air religion in a way that Christianity is no more.  The citadel clearly in view and many other mosques.  Pyramids just visible through the haze.

Along to the Gayer-Anderson House – beautiful courtyard – reminds me of Museo Fortuny, and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum.  Airy loggia.  Blue glazeware – thin and elegant in the Winter Rooms.  The writing room – everything beginning to fall into disrepair, dusty, faded, nostalgic.  A window half off its hinges.  Atmospheric library – great for a film.  A cupboard/secret door giving on to ta gallery for the women to watch the men.  Nice to see the interior reality of houses as they were.  And yet I can't help feeling that the style is over-rich, incapable of development – except to mannerism.  Very peaceful though, no other tourists – it's easy to lose them.  But as I said, even Giza was surprisingly quiet – at 12 noon, few coaches even.  Perhaps the season ending, he said hopefully…

Mad drive back to the Cosmopolitan for a much-needed coffee (drugs).  My face and neck definitely know the sun, which was quite strong today.  At least I should sleep well tonight.  I'm glad I'm leaving Cairo.  It's been great, but it is time to move on.  Luxor should provide a suitable contrast to this hustle.  It's just a question of what accommodation I can find.  Heigh-ho.

Cairo station.  Rather quiet really – nothing compared to India.  Eight tracks, no waiting room – so I have in front of me a thinnish liquid pretending to be orange – or mango?  juice, which I have no intention of drinking.  There are mosquitoes around here – a bit worrying.  A train sounded earlier – a huge, mournful diminished fifth.  

One thing that's nice (I think) about Egypt – that it doesn't mollycoddle: the minaret I climbed was deeply dodgy – quite vertiginous and made me feel unusually unsafe.  Perhaps all the visible garbage below attracted, somehow.  

On the platform itself, a little more disorder.  The train before mine is in.  Lots of train attendants hover, kitted out in a kind of blackcurrant mousse-coloured jacket.  On the train.  Wonderful.  Initial impressions are good, anyway: sleeping compartment for two, three seat (very comfy), washbasin, table, mirror – tous les comforts.

NB: when a later pharaoh wished to appropriate something, he simply erased the old cartouche.  Equally, after the heresy of Akhnaton, priests erased his cartouche everywhere.  NB too: the process of gods conquering local gods – Re-Amun etc – assimilation, changing name, keeping the idea – empire of Re at greatest with Akhnaton and Ramses II – and then all lost.  NB 3 (?): Egyptian architecture is based on accretion – the pylons added – and is therefore based on magnification – succeeding pylons get smaller => later get bigger.  Empire has to expand to live.  A contracting empire is a dead one.

Food – amazingly like on aircraft – served on trays, fold-down table, everything pre-wrapped – even individual condiments – some of it dodgy though.  Not alone as I hoped – the bloke I saw at the station turned up – with a cold.  Cheers, Re-Amun.  Otherwise a civilised experience.  Perhaps inevitably, the trains were built in Germany.  Messerschmidt (remember that show at the ICA…?)  The whole principle behind "baksheesh" is master/servant – dominion, empire.  Perhaps a lingering legacy of 2000 years of subjection.  Suez = end of the British Empire, beginning of a truly free Egypt.

1990 Egypt II: Luxor, Aswan, Abu Simbel
1990 Egypt III: Asyut, Kharga, El Amarna
1990 Egypt IV: Alexandria, Wadi El Natrun, Suez

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